The tsampouna (or tsambouna; Greek: τσαμπούνα) is a musical instrument from Greece that belongs to the bagpipe family. It has two sets of pipes and no drone. Air is blown into a goatskin bag to make it work. The instrument is commonly found in Greek islands. The name tsampouna comes from the Italian word zampogna, which refers to a similar type of instrument. The word tsampouna is connected to the Greek word sumfōnia (Greek: συμφωνία), which means "harmony or agreement of sounds" (from "with" + "sound"). This word was later used to describe a type of bagpipe.

Many bagpipes in Europe became popular again in the 20th century after being forgotten for a long time. However, in 2006, a music expert named Wolf Dietrich said, "Greece seems to be the only country in Europe that does not have a bagpipe revival." Recently, though, some traditional musicians on the Greek island of Ikaria have started using the tsampouna more often. In recent years, it has become common to hear the tsampouna played at festivals on Ikaria.

Current revival

In the 21st century, more people are showing interest in the tsampouna, and its use is changing. Although its history comes from an old way of life that is no longer common, today’s world is creating a new tradition. New musicians, new listeners, new ways of enjoying music, a mix of old and new songs, and fresh messages that are still meaningful are helping the tsampouna stay important and even become more popular. This new tradition exists alongside the old one, which continues to be practiced. At the same time, it weakens the old tradition’s close connection to local communities, turning tsampouna music from a collection of local styles into a shared language.